The Australian government is the federal administration responsible for immigration policy and border enforcement, including the Department of Home Affairs and the minister for immigration. Visa overstayers are non-citizens who entered Australia on temporary visas and remained in the country after those visas expired or after their conditions were breached, making them unlawful non-citizens. The two sides have conflicting interests because the government is pursuing a migration crackdown that would revoke work rights and increase deportations of people who have overstayed, while overstayers face detention, removal, and re-entry bans if they are identified. The government frames the measures as restoring the integrity of the migration system, whereas overstayers are directly affected by enforcement action that can lead to their detention or departure. The scale of the issue is significant: more than 77,000 people are estimated to be living in Australia illegally as non-citizens, and earlier departmental figures recorded 64,600 unlawful non-citizens in the community as at 30 June 2016. Under the planned overhaul, overstayers whose protection claims are rejected would have their work rights revoked, and additional immigration officers would be deployed to deport them.

Teams

• Australian government (1 players)
• Visa overstayers (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The UN fact-finding mission on Iran is an independent investigative body established by the United Nations Human Rights Council to examine allegations of human rights violations in the Islamic Republic of Iran. It operates alongside the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Iran, and its mandate has been extended by the Human Rights Council to address the country's broader human rights crisis. Iranian forces refer to the state security apparatus, including police and security agencies, that the mission has examined in connection with protest crackdowns and detention-related abuses. The two sides are in conflict because the fact-finding mission's investigations have concluded that Iranian state authorities, including security forces, were responsible for egregious human rights violations and, in the mission's assessment, crimes against humanity during protest crackdowns. The Iranian government rejects these findings and maintains its own position on the events, creating a dispute over accountability and the legitimacy of the UN's conclusions. The mission has also warned that Iran's human rights crisis could worsen amid regional conflict, while raising alarm over the safety of prisoners following past strikes on detention sites. The stakes center on international accountability for alleged abuses and the credibility of UN human rights mechanisms, as well as the treatment of civilians in Iran who, according to the mission, are caught between state repression and violations. The mission's findings feed into broader international scrutiny of Iran's human rights record and efforts to extend UN monitoring mandates.

Teams

• UN fact-finding mission (1 players)
• Iranian forces (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Nigerian police are investigating the deaths of 37 illegal mining suspects who died while in custody. Officials attribute the deaths to a disease outbreak, while a survivor claims the suspects suffocated.

Teams

• Nigerian police (1 players)
• Survivor (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Western sanctioning countries are a group of governments—including the United Kingdom, France, Australia, Canada, Norway, New Zealand, and European Union member states—that have imposed sanctions on Israeli settlers and entities accused of violence or settlement expansion in the West Bank. Israeli voters are the electorate that will participate in Israel's October 2025 parliamentary elections, choosing the lawmakers and government that will shape the country's policies. The two sides have conflicting interests because the sanctions are intended to pressure Israel over its West Bank policies, while Israeli voters may respond to that external pressure in ways that affect the election outcome. Analysts suggest the sanctions could embolden the Israeli right rather than sway voters away from it, meaning the Western countries' attempt to influence Israeli policy may instead influence the voters' choices in an unintended direction. The sanctions reflect Western distrust of Israel's ability to enforce the law in the West Bank on its own, and they have escalated over time, with the EU ending a years-long deadlock to sanction violent settlers and a broader group of nations committing to trade restrictions on settlement-linked goods and entities. The stakes include Israel's international standing and the political direction Israeli voters will choose in the upcoming elections.

Teams

• Western sanctioning countries (1 players)
• Israeli voters (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The Russian government, led by President Vladimir Putin's party, administers and contests elections for the State Duma, the lower house of the Russian parliament. Election observers, including independent citizen observers and international organizations such as the OSCE, monitor the conduct of these elections to assess compliance with the law and to document irregularities. The two sides have conflicting interests because the government is responsible for organizing and overseeing the vote, while observers aim to independently verify the integrity of the process and report any violations. The government has at times restricted observer access, such as preventing OSCE observers from monitoring the December 2007 legislative elections by imposing severe restrictions on their size and activities. Observers, in turn, have documented flaws and irregularities in Russian elections, including ballot stuffing and other fraud that observers at polling stations can help prevent. Russia is holding elections for the State Duma for the first time since its invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The vote is widely seen as a controlled affair, raising questions about its legitimacy and competitiveness, and making the role of election observers a central point of contention.

Teams

• Russian government (2 players)
• Election observers (0 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Zara Larsson is a Swedish pop singer known for songs such as "Midnight Sun." The White House is the executive office of the U.S. president, and its social media accounts publish promotional and policy-related videos, including content related to immigration enforcement. In September 2026, the White House posted a TikTok video that used Larsson's song "Midnight Sun" as the soundtrack to footage of authorities detaining immigrants, including Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents. Larsson publicly condemned the video, calling it "dehumanising" and describing ICE agents as "losers," and she also posted a TikTok stitching the White House video. The White House subsequently removed the song from the reel, though the episode sparked a wider public clash over migration policy and the use of artists' music in political content.

Teams

• Zara Larsson (1 players)
• White House (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Foreign envoys and Japan are the parties to this dispute. The foreign envoys are diplomatic representatives who have called for the complete destruction of Japan's abandoned chemical weapons in China without further delay. Japan is the government that bears the obligation to dispose of those weapons. The two sides have conflicting interests over when and how Japan will fulfill its obligation to dispose of the abandoned chemical weapons. The foreign envoys are pressing for prompt and complete destruction, while the timing and method of Japan's disposal remain the subject of the dispute. The issue has resurfaced as a result of the envoys' call, bringing renewed attention to the question of when Japan will complete the disposal.

Teams

• Foreign envoys (1 players)
• Japan (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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EU regulators are the European Union institutions and officials responsible for drafting and enforcing rules that govern digital platforms and online services across the bloc, including measures aimed at protecting minors online. Digital rights advocates, such as the Brussels-based network European Digital Rights (EDRi), are civil society organizations that campaign to protect privacy, free expression, and other fundamental rights in digital policy. The two sides have conflicting interests over how far regulation should go. EU regulators have pursued rules such as the Digital Services Act to combat hate speech and misinformation and to address child safety concerns, while digital rights advocates warn that the EU's deregulation era is diluting hard-fought digital rights protections. Advocates are particularly concerned that restrictions such as age-based bans may infringe on digital rights and parental authority, whereas regulators frame such measures as necessary safeguards. The dispute unfolds against a broader backdrop of transatlantic tension over digital rules, including US demands that the EU weaken digital regulations and EU antitrust enforcement against major platforms. How the EU balances child protection against fundamental rights will shape the online environment for minors and set a precedent for global platform regulation.

Teams

• EU regulators (1 players)
• Digital rights advocates (0 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Japanese reflection advocates are individuals and groups in Japan who argue that the country should honestly acknowledge and atone for its wartime conduct, including atrocities committed during World War II, as a foundation for its postwar identity as a peaceful nation. Japanese historical revisionists are those who dispute or minimize accounts of such atrocities, arguing that Japan's wartime history has been distorted or that victims' silence undermines claims of wrongdoing. The two sides have conflicting interests over how Japan's wartime past should be remembered and taught. Reflection advocates contend that genuine acknowledgment of historical responsibility is necessary for reconciliation and for maintaining Japan's pacifist identity, while revisionists argue that emphasizing wartime guilt unfairly damages national pride and that the historical record is not as clear as critics claim. This disagreement extends into public discourse, education, and international relations, with each side viewing the other's position as harmful to Japan's self-understanding and standing in the world.

Teams

• Japanese reflection advocates (0 players)
• Japanese historical revisionists (0 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Iran and Sweden are the national football teams of their respective countries, competing in international friendly matches and other competitions organized under FIFA and UEFA. The two sides have met in international fixtures, including a friendly played on March 31, 2015. The sporting rivalry between Iran and Sweden centers on the outcome of matches played between the two national teams. In their recorded encounters, Sweden has secured victories, including a 3-1 win in the March 2015 friendly, while Iran has sought to improve its head-to-head record against the European side. Beyond individual results, matches between Iran and Sweden serve as preparation for larger tournaments and offer both teams the opportunity to test their squads against opposition from different confederations. The head-to-head record and match statistics are tracked by various football data providers.

Teams

• Iran (1 players)
• Sweden (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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UN human rights experts are independent specialists appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council to monitor, report on, and advise governments about compliance with international human rights law. They issue public statements, conduct country reviews, and participate in UN human rights bodies. The United States is a member of the United Nations and a party to core international human rights treaties, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and its government is regularly reviewed by UN human rights mechanisms. The two sides have conflicting interests over the extent to which US government actions comply with international human rights law and whether UN experts should publicly scrutinize those actions. UN experts have expressed concerns about US administration actions that they say undermine human rights at home and abroad, while the United States has at times resisted or contested international human rights scrutiny and the authority of UN bodies. This friction has played out in disputes over US military strikes, domestic court decisions, and the treatment of UN officials. At stake is the credibility and effectiveness of the international human rights system, the legal accountability of the United States for alleged violations, and the ability of UN experts to carry out their mandates without interference. The dispute also raises questions about how the United States engages with UN human rights bodies and whether it will accept or reject their findings.

Teams

• UN human rights experts (1 players)
• United States (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The dispute involves a U.S. Marine Corps veteran, Brian McGinnis, who has protested U.S. military action against Iran, and critics who object to his conduct, particularly his wearing of a military uniform during protests. McGinnis gained attention after being forcibly removed from a Senate Armed Services Subcommittee hearing and later facing federal charges related to a protest that left him with a broken arm. Critics, including some lawmakers and commentators, have argued that his actions and use of the uniform are inappropriate. The conflict centers on whether McGinnis's protest methods—especially wearing his uniform while demonstrating against U.S. policy—are legitimate expressions of dissent or disrespectful to the military. His removal from a Senate hearing by Senator Tim Sheehy and subsequent assault charges have amplified the debate over the treatment of veteran protesters and the boundaries of political expression. The case has drawn widespread media coverage, highlighting broader tensions over U.S. involvement in Iran and the role of veterans in anti-war activism.

Teams

• Protesting veteran (1 players)
• Critics of the protest (0 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Colombian armed groups are non-state armed organizations operating in Colombia, including leftist guerrilla groups such as the National Liberation Army (ELN) and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), as well as the Gulf Clan and other criminal gangs with paramilitary or guerrilla militia structures. Colombian government forces are the state's military and security institutions that combat these groups. The conflict between them is a long-running armed struggle over territory, illicit economies, and political control. The armed conflict officially began in 1964 with the formation of guerrilla groups, and it has continued for decades, making it the longest-running armed conflict in the Western Hemisphere. In early 2026, armed groups sharply increased drone attacks, more than doubling from the previous period, and civilians are caught in the crossfire. According to Colombian estimates, paramilitaries were responsible for 45% of civilian deaths, guerrillas for 27%, and state forces for 12%. As of March 2026, Colombia has up to 60 criminal gangs as well as armed groups with paramilitary or guerrilla militia structures, reflecting a diverse and fragmented criminal landscape.

Teams

• Colombian armed groups (1 players)
• Colombian government forces (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Tillamook is a US dairy cooperative based in Tillamook, Oregon, known for its cheese and other dairy products. Boycott campaigners are advocacy groups and consumers who have organized campaigns urging people to stop buying Tillamook products, often citing concerns about the company's advertising and sourcing practices. The conflict between Tillamook and boycott campaigners centers on allegations that Tillamook's marketing misleads consumers about the company's sourcing practices. In 2019, the Center for Food Safety called for a boycott of Tillamook dairy products over what it described as misleading advertising that hides unsustainable sourcing practices, and a lawsuit was filed by Oregon consumers accusing Tillamook of deceptive advertising. The Animal Legal Defense Fund has also challenged Tillamook's advertising campaigns, arguing they mislead consumers into believing the company's products are sourced from humane, pasture-based operations. These disputes have led to public calls for boycotts and consumer backlash, with campaigners using social media hashtags such as #BeTheTruthTillamook to urge participation. Tillamook, which projected $1 billion in sales in 2020, faces ongoing scrutiny over its marketing claims and sourcing practices.

Teams

• Tillamook (1 players)
• Boycott campaigners (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Mexico and France are two national teams whose football encounters have produced notable results in international competitions. Mexico represents the Mexican national football federation in global tournaments, while France represents the French national football federation and is a traditional power in world football. The two sides have met in competitive matches, including a 2010 FIFA World Cup group-stage game and a 2021 Olympic men's football tournament match. These meetings have resulted in outcomes that affect each team's standing in the respective competitions, creating a competitive rivalry on the pitch. Beyond the scorelines, matches between Mexico and France carry significance for tournament progression and national pride, with each encounter adding to the history between the two football nations.

Teams

• Mexico (1 players)
• France (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Nigerian officials are the government authorities responsible for law enforcement, custody, and public statements in Niger State, Nigeria. Reports refer to the journalistic and human rights accounts that have investigated the deaths of suspected illegal miners held in custody, as well as the broader pattern of official restrictions on press freedom in Nigeria. The two sides conflict over the explanation for the deaths of at least 37 suspected illegal miners in custody in Niger State. Officials attribute the deaths to disease, while reports point to overcrowding and poor ventilation as contributing factors. The dispute reflects a wider tension in Nigeria, where officials have been documented restricting press freedom by criticizing, harassing, and arresting journalists, especially when they cover corruption and human rights issues.

Teams

• Nigerian officials (1 players)
• Reports (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Russia and China are two major powers that often align in opposition to the United States and its allies on international security matters. The United States and its allies are a coalition of countries that frequently coordinate their foreign policies, particularly regarding sanctions and nonproliferation. Both sides hold veto power or significant influence in the United Nations Security Council, shaping global responses to issues like Iran's nuclear program. The conflict arises from differing approaches to monitoring and enforcing sanctions on Iran. Russia and China vetoed a UN Security Council resolution to extend the mandate of the panel monitoring Iran sanctions, while the United States and its allies supported the extension. This disagreement reflects broader tensions over the role of international oversight and the balance of power within the Security Council. The veto ended the Security Council's watchdog panel on Iran sanctions, highlighting the difficulty of maintaining unified international action when major powers have conflicting interests. The incident underscores the challenges of multilateral diplomacy and the potential consequences for global security regimes.

Teams

• Russia and China (2 players)
• United States and allies (4 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The Trump administration is the executive branch of the US federal government, led by President Donald Trump, which conducts foreign policy and negotiates arms sales. Congress is the legislative branch, composed of the House of Representatives and the Senate, which holds constitutional power over appropriations and must approve certain arms transfers. The two branches are in conflict over the scope of executive power. The Trump administration has taken actions that Congress and critics say usurp legislative authority, such as withholding or diverting funds appropriated by Congress and issuing executive orders that expand presidential control over independent agencies. Congress has pushed back through oversight, amendments, and legislation to reassert its constitutional role, while the administration argues it is acting within its authority to carry out its agenda. This tension has played out in disputes over spending, executive orders, and foreign policy, including the proposed sale of F-35 fighter jets to Saudi Arabia, which requires congressional approval. The outcome affects the balance of power between the branches and the direction of US policy.

Teams

• Trump administration (1 players)
• Congress (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The Trinidad and Tobago authorities, represented by the Office of the Attorney General, are the official legal representatives and advisors to the Government of Trinidad and Tobago, operating within the country's parliamentary democracy. Lawyers in Trinidad and Tobago include the Law Association of Trinidad and Tobago, the Assembly of Southern Lawyers, and individual attorneys who practise before the courts and are responsible for representing clients in legal proceedings against the state. The two sides have conflicting interests because lawyers have criticised the authorities over mass arrests made under emergency powers that allowed detention without charge. The authorities maintain that such powers are necessary to preserve public safety and order, while lawyers argue that the measures infringe on fundamental rights and the rule of law. This tension came to a head when Trinidad and Tobago ended the state of emergency on September 17, 2026, following sustained pushback from the legal community. The dispute reflects broader questions about the balance between national security and civil liberties in Trinidad and Tobago. Lawyers have also challenged the authorities in court on various legal issues, and the government has engaged prominent legal counsel, including UK barristers, to represent its position in high-profile cases.

Teams

• Trinidad and Tobago authorities (1 players)
• Lawyers (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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United Russia is the ruling political party of Russia, founded in 2001 and led by Dmitry Medvedev, with close ties to President Vladimir Putin. It has long held a dominant position in Russian politics, including a majority in the State Duma. Opposition parties in Russia encompass a range of political groups that are not affiliated with United Russia, including those represented in parliament and others outside it. The conflict between United Russia and opposition parties centers on political power and representation. United Russia seeks to maintain its majority and influence over Russian politics, while opposition parties aim to challenge that dominance and gain greater representation. This dynamic is particularly relevant in the context of the upcoming September 2026 elections, which will be the first national vote since 2022. The stakes include the composition of the Russian parliament and the direction of Russian politics. United Russia's continued majority would allow it to advance its agenda, while gains by opposition parties could alter the political landscape. The election outcome will also be watched internationally as an indicator of political conditions in Russia.

Teams

• United Russia (2 players)
• Opposition parties (1 players)

Conflict Type: Competition

Start Date: September 18, 2026, 12:00 am

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Toronto residents are the inhabitants of Canada's largest city and the capital of Ontario, whose metropolitan area holds about 17.3 percent of Canada's population. The United States is Canada's southern neighbor, whose largest metropolitan area, New York, holds roughly 5.8 percent of the US population. The two are frequently compared on quality of life, cost of living, transit, climate, and economic scale. Toronto and the United States have conflicting interests in how their cities and countries are perceived and compared. Toronto is often measured against US metros such as New York, with debates over which offers a better cost of living, transit, and pace of life. Toronto's winters are harsher and its summers hotter than many US cities, while its rent prices are lower than New York's. These comparisons shape how residents view their own city relative to the US. Toronto's economy, including tech, banking, and real estate, is seen as catching up to New York's much larger GDP. The two regions also differ in population concentration, with Toronto's metro area accounting for a far larger share of Canada's population than New York's does of the US population. These factors feed ongoing comparisons between Toronto and US cities.

Teams

• Toronto residents (1 players)
• US (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Ethiopia is the modern state in the Horn of Africa whose imperial and national heritage includes the historic Kingdom of Abyssinia, and its government has sought the return of cultural objects taken during the 1868 British expedition. British institutions are the museums, libraries, and other bodies in the United Kingdom that today hold Ethiopian objects acquired during that campaign, including the manuscript known as the Gondar Gospel. The two sides are in dispute over the ownership and repatriation of the Gondar Gospel and other objects removed during the 1868 expedition. Ethiopia seeks the return of the manuscript, while British institutions have not agreed to repatriate it, leaving the question of restitution unresolved. The 1868 expedition to Abyssinia was a rescue mission and punitive expedition carried out by the armed forces of the British Empire against the Ethiopian Emperor Tewodros II, and it was one of the most ambitious and expensive military campaigns ever undertaken by the British Army. Objects taken from Ethiopia during that expedition, including the Gondar Gospel, later entered British collections, and the paper 'Objects, trophies and collecting on the 1868 British expedition to Ethiopia' examines why particular objects were sought and taken.

Teams

• Ethiopia (1 players)
• British institutions (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Alex Ovechkin is a Russian professional ice hockey left winger and the captain of the Washington Capitals in the National Hockey League (NHL). He holds the NHL record for most 40-goal seasons with fourteen and shares the record for most 50-goal campaigns with nine, and he has spent his entire 21-season NHL career with the Capitals. Critics are commentators and observers who objected to Ovechkin's appearance in a video supporting United Russia, the political party of Russian President Vladimir Putin. The conflict centers on Ovechkin's participation in a video for United Russia. Critics argued that appearing in content for Putin's party was inappropriate, while Ovechkin defended his involvement by stating that he is Russian and not involved in politics. The dispute raises questions about the expectations placed on prominent athletes regarding political affiliations and the boundaries between national identity and political endorsement.

Teams

• Ovechkin (1 players)
• Critics (0 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The English Football Association (FA) is the governing body for football in England and a member association of FIFA, world football's governing body. Gianni Infantino is the president of FIFA, the organisation responsible for global competitions including the World Cup. The two parties are in conflict over Infantino's proposal to sell off part of the FIFA World Cup to private investment and create a private company, FIFA Forward. The English FA has expressed deep concern about the plan and has called for the release of documents related to the proposal. The FA has also moved to withdraw its support for Infantino's re-election as FIFA president, and has maintained that he is no longer the right person to lead FIFA. The dispute has broader implications for FIFA's governance, with UEFA also threatening legal action against FIFA and confirming it had lost confidence in Infantino's leadership.

Teams

• English FA (1 players)
• Gianni Infantino (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Greenpeace is an international environmental organization known for direct-action campaigns, including protests against Arctic oil drilling. Russia is the state whose government, under President Vladimir Putin, has pursued Arctic oil development and has taken legal and enforcement action against Greenpeace activists and the organization's Russian branch. The two sides came into conflict over Greenpeace's protests against Russian Arctic oil drilling, most notably the 2013 attempt to scale the Prirazlomnaya oil rig, which led Russian authorities to seize the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise in international waters and arrest those aboard, later known as the Arctic 30. More recently, Greenpeace has investigated and disputed Russia's claims about attacks on the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, accusing Russia of sabotaging power supply lines there while Russia has blamed Ukraine for attacks on the plant. Russia has also designated environmental protection work as undesirable, adding to the friction between the organization and the Russian state.

Teams

• Greenpeace (1 players)
• Russia (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The Russian public refers to the general population of the Russian Federation, whose daily lives, economic conditions, and views on the country's leadership are shaped by the ongoing war and its domestic consequences. The Kremlin, the fortified complex in Moscow that serves as the seat of the Russian government, is commonly used to refer to the country's central political leadership, including the presidential administration and security services that direct state policy. The two sides have conflicting interests over the conduct and costs of the war. Research material describes growing war fatigue, fuel shortages, drone strikes, and mobilization rumors fueling public anxiety, with support for peace talks increasing among the public. The Kremlin, meanwhile, has sought to insulate the leadership from the war's consequences through financial injections and public opinion manipulation, and it monitors domestic sentiment closely ahead of parliamentary elections. Further context comes from reporting on internal tensions within the Russian elite, including a described conflict between the presidential administration and the FSB's second directorate, as well as analyses suggesting that public discontent does not necessarily translate into opposition activity. These dynamics shape how the Kremlin balances public sentiment against its political and security priorities.

Teams

• Russian public (1 players)
• Kremlin (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The families of Americans imprisoned in China are relatives of U.S. citizens who have been detained in Chinese custody, in some cases for more than a decade. They have publicly appealed to U.S. officials, including President Donald Trump, to press for their loved ones' release. The Chinese government is the party holding these individuals in detention and controls decisions about their cases. The two sides have conflicting interests because the families want the U.S. government to intervene and secure the release of the detained Americans, while the Chinese government has not acted to free them. The families are urging President Trump to raise these cases directly when he meets with China's leader, seeking to turn a diplomatic engagement into pressure for their release. The dispute is taking place against the backdrop of a planned U.S.-China leadership meeting, which the families see as an opportunity to elevate the cases of Americans they say are wrongfully detained. The outcome of that engagement is at stake for the families, who have lived without their loved ones for years.

Teams

• Families of jailed Americans (1 players)
• Chinese government (0 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The UN experts referenced in this match are independent human rights experts who report through the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) and other UN human rights mechanisms. They issue public statements and findings on states' compliance with international law, including international humanitarian law and human rights law, and have repeatedly raised concerns about US conduct in areas such as immigration adjudication, sanctions policy, and military operations. The United States is the state whose actions are the subject of these findings. The two sides are in conflict because the UN experts have concluded that there are grounds to believe the US committed war crimes in strikes on a primary school in Minab and a sports complex in Lamerd, while the US has not acknowledged carrying out these strikes. This disagreement concerns both the factual question of whether the strikes occurred and who carried them out, and the legal question of whether they violated international humanitarian law. The dispute sits within a broader pattern of UN experts publicly criticizing US conduct, including condemnations of sanctions against the International Criminal Court and concerns raised about US military and human rights practices. The stakes include the interpretation of international humanitarian law, the accountability of states for military strikes, and the credibility of UN expert findings when the state concerned does not acknowledge the underlying acts.

Teams

• UN experts (1 players)
• United States (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Donald Trump is the President of the United States, whose administration has pursued an "America First" trade and foreign policy agenda. The European Union is a political and economic union of European states, led in this context by European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, and Canada is a North American country whose Prime Minister is Mark Carney. The conflict centers on a European Commission proposal, reportedly advanced by von der Leyen, to make Canada the EU's first "associate member." Trump has objected to the plan, calling it a potential "hostile act" and threatening the EU with "serious tariffs" over the move. Carney has welcomed the associate membership plan and pushed back against Trump's threats, insisting Canada will deepen its ties with Europe. The dispute raises questions about the geopolitical implications of closer EU-Canada relations and about the use of tariff threats as a response to other countries' diplomatic and economic partnerships.

Teams

• Trump (1 players)
• EU and Canada (2 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The United States government is the federal administration of the United States, which conducts foreign policy and maintains sanctions programs, including those administered by the Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control. The Palestinian Authority is the interim Palestinian administrative organization that governs part of the West Bank and all of the Gaza Strip, according to U.S. law, and it lacks sovereignty while operating under Israeli occupation. The two sides have conflicting interests over U.S. sanctions and visa restrictions on Palestinian officials. In July 2025, the United States imposed sanctions that deny visas to Palestine Liberation Organization members and Palestinian Authority officials under section 604(a)(1) of the Middle East Peace Commitments Act, accusing the PA of seeking to internationalize its conflict with Israel in court. U.S. persons are also prohibited from engaging in transactions with the Palestinian Authority under OFAC's terrorism sanctions programs unless authorized. These measures restrict Palestinian representation and financial engagement, which the Palestinian Authority has criticized. The United States has provided financial assistance to the Palestinian Authority, with combined European Union and U.S. aid reaching approximately US$1 billion in 2005. However, U.S. law places limitations on assistance to the Palestinian Authority, and the sanctions and visa denials reflect ongoing tensions over Palestinian efforts to seek international legal and diplomatic action.

Teams

• US government (1 players)
• Palestinian Authority (2 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The article argues that a ban on Israeli settlement goods is meaningless in stopping the ethnic cleansing of Palestine. It presents a critical perspective on Western measures, implying a debate over whether such bans are effective or merely symbolic.

Teams

• Critics of settlement goods ban (1 players)
• Supporters of settlement goods ban (0 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The UN fact-finding mission is a United Nations investigative body mandated by the Human Rights Council to examine alleged violations of international law. The United States is the country whose military actions in Iran are the subject of the mission's investigation. The mission's findings are based on its examination of two 'emblematic' US strikes on Iran. The two parties are in conflict because the UN fact-finding mission has concluded that there are reasonable grounds to believe that the two US strikes on Iran could constitute war crimes. The United States, as the party whose military actions are under scrutiny, is placed in a position where its conduct is being assessed against international legal standards. This creates a clash of interests between the mission's mandate to document and report on alleged violations and the United States' interest in defending the legality of its military operations. The finding raises broader questions about the legality of US military actions in Iran and the role of international fact-finding missions in assessing state conduct. Fact-finding missions do not give binding judgments or decisions; their main contribution is disseminating facts and making recommendations.

Teams

• UN fact-finding mission (1 players)
• United States (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The United States is a global power that has pursued policies aimed at shaping the economic and strategic behavior of other nations, including through sanctions and tariffs. China and India are two of the world's largest economies and energy consumers, and both have significant economic and strategic relationships with Russia, a major oil exporter. The United States has imposed sanctions and tariffs targeting Russian oil exports, with China and India identified as the largest buyers of Russian energy. The conflict arises because these U.S. measures directly affect China and India, which rely on Russian oil to meet their energy needs. The United States aims to weaken Russian oil exports, while China and India seek to maintain their energy security and economic stability. This creates a clash of interests over energy trade, economic sovereignty, and global market dynamics. The stakes include potential disruptions to global oil markets, the economic impact on China and India, and the broader geopolitical balance among these major powers. The situation also raises questions about how these tariffs will affect the economies and energy security of China and India, as well as global oil markets.

Teams

• United States (1 players)
• China and India (2 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf is the speaker of Iran's parliament and a senior Iranian political figure who has also served as the country's chief negotiator in dealings with the United States. US economic policymakers are the officials and institutions responsible for setting and carrying out American monetary, fiscal, and sanctions policy, including interest-rate decisions and economic pressure measures directed at foreign governments. The two sides are in conflict over US economic policy and its global effects. Ghalibaf has accused the United States of prioritizing Israel at the expense of global and regional stability, argued that Washington is "not in a strong economic position," and ridiculed US sanction threats, saying that a "frozen foreign policy delivers a frozen economy." He has also said Tehran does not "have peace with America" and will not recognize Israel, while denying reports that he was negotiating with the US and calling statements about talks "fake news." The dispute plays out against ongoing economic pressure on Iran and what Iranian officials describe as Western psychological operations. Ghalibaf's public remarks frame US economic management and sanctions as both a source of global instability and a sign of American weakness, making the exchange part of a broader contest over the credibility and impact of US economic policy.

Teams

• Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf (1 players)
• US economic policymakers (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Ireland's public broadcaster, RTÉ, is the country's state-funded national television and radio service, responsible for Ireland's participation in and broadcast of the Eurovision Song Contest. The Eurovision Song Contest is an annual international music competition organized by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), which oversees the rules, participating broadcasters, and the event itself. The two parties came into conflict over the participation of Israel in the 2026 contest. RTÉ stated it would not take part "if the participation of Israel goes ahead," citing the "appalling and ongoing loss of lives in Gaza," while the EBU, as the competition's organizer, maintains the roster of participating countries. RTÉ ultimately decided not only to withdraw Ireland's entry but also not to broadcast the event, joining other national broadcasters in a boycott. The dispute reflects a broader clash between a national broadcaster's editorial and political position and the Eurovision organizers' management of the competition. RTÉ replaced its planned broadcast of the 2026 final with alternative programming, and the contest proceeded without an Irish entrant.

Teams

• Ireland's public broadcaster (1 players)
• Eurovision organizers (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Serbia is a country in Southeast Europe whose government considers Kosovo an integral part of its territory. Kosovo is a predominantly ethnic Albanian territory that declared independence from Serbia in 2008 and functions as a separate state, though its sovereignty is recognized by many but not all countries. The two sides have conflicting interests over Kosovo's status and over how to address crimes committed during the 1998–99 Kosovo War, when ethnic Albanian forces fought Serbian and Yugoslav government forces. Serbia disputes Kosovo's independence and seeks recognition of its own narrative of victimhood, while Kosovo seeks international affirmation of its statehood and of its account of the war. These unresolved disputes continue to shape their political relations and international diplomacy.

Teams

• Serbia (2 players)
• Kosovo (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The European Commission is the executive arm of the European Union, responsible for proposing and enforcing EU-wide legislation. Social media platforms are the private companies that operate services such as Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, and X, and that would be subject to any new EU rules on age limits and platform design. The two sides are in conflict over proposed EU rules that would prohibit children under 13 from using social media and restrict addictive features such as infinite scrolling. The Commission frames these measures as necessary to protect minors, while platforms would face substantial fines for non-compliance and argue that such restrictions raise questions about child protection versus platform and user freedoms. The dispute is part of a broader EU effort to regulate social media, including the Digital Services Act, which from August requires platforms to swiftly remove disinformation. The EU is considering a social media ban for children, following similar efforts in the United Kingdom and Australia, while the Commission has also declined to require interoperability for social networking services, saying there is no clear demand.

Teams

• European Commission (1 players)
• Social media platforms (3 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The German government, represented primarily by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), oversees Germany's development assistance and humanitarian aid. Germany is one of the world's leading donor countries, and its development ministry has been described as the world's largest donor as U.S. aid retreats. Aid organizations, including over a dozen German development and humanitarian NGOs, have protested further cuts to Germany's development assistance and humanitarian aid. They have urged the German government to reverse billions in cuts, warning that the reductions could have dramatic consequences for millions of people. Since 2023, the budget of Germany's development ministry has been cut by 20%, and humanitarian aid has been halved since 2024. The dispute centers on whether these cuts should continue given growing global crises.

Teams

• German government (2 players)
• Aid organizations (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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German judges and prosecutors are legal professionals responsible for interpreting and enforcing the law in Germany's courts and prosecution offices. The far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) is a political party that has faced accusations of pursuing extremist goals incompatible with democratic principles, and which has been the subject of a nationwide debate over whether it should be banned. The conflict arises because German judges and prosecutors argue that current legal frameworks governing state prosecutors are insufficient to prevent extremist parties like the AfD from abusing them, and they are calling on the government to reform these laws to protect judicial independence. The AfD, as the party whose members and supporters are the focus of these concerns, opposes efforts that could restrict its participation in the legal system or lead to a ban. The two sides thus clash over whether the legal system needs tightening to guard against extremist influence or whether such measures unfairly target a political party. The dispute has gained prominence through an open letter signed by more than 1,000 legal professionals, including lawyers, judges, and public prosecutors, urging action against the AfD. The appeal was organized by the Republican Lawyers' Association, a German legal association associated with progressive and left-wing legal circles. The debate also follows earlier cases, such as a Dresden judge who was relieved of some duties after making controversial remarks about Germany's Holocaust remembrance.

Teams

• German judges and prosecutors (2 players)
• AfD (2 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Jürgen Klopp is the head coach of the Germany national football team, a role he took up in 2026. The Alternative for Germany (AfD) is a far-right political party that has gained significant electoral support in Germany, particularly in the eastern states. Klopp's comments about national pride come after the AfD's strong showing in the Saxony-Anhalt state election, where the party won 43.8% of the vote. Klopp stated that the national team can help ensure "national pride is not entrusted to the wrong people," suggesting a desire to reclaim national symbols from the far-right. This raises questions about whether the national football team should take a public stance on political issues and national identity. The AfD's electoral success in Saxony-Anhalt, where it won almost 44% of the vote on September 6, 2026, has sparked a broader debate about the role of national pride and how it is perceived in German society. Klopp's remarks reflect a growing conversation about the intersection of sports, national identity, and politics in Germany.

Teams

• Jurgen Klopp (1 players)
• Far-right election victors (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Piddington is a small village in Oxfordshire, England, with a population of around 350 residents. The UK government is the national administration responsible for asylum policy, including the provision of accommodation for people seeking asylum while their claims are processed. The conflict arose after the government announced plans to house up to 1,250 male asylum seekers at a former military base located about a mile from Piddington. Village residents overwhelmingly opposed the plan, citing concerns about the impact on their community, and organized a symbolic referendum on leaving the United Kingdom as a protest. The government maintains that the asylum housing policy is a necessary part of its asylum strategy. The village vote is symbolic and non-binding, but it highlights local opposition to the government's asylum accommodation plans. The dispute reflects broader tensions between rural communities and national asylum policy.

Teams

• Village residents (1 players)
• UK government (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The dispute involves Laurent Nunez, France's Interior Minister, and his critics, including the left-wing party La France Insoumise (LFI) and the pro-Palestinian Member of the European Parliament Rima Hassan. Nunez heads the Interior Ministry, while Hassan is an elected MEP known for her advocacy on Palestinian rights. The conflict centers on allegations that Nunez was involved in spreading an inaccurate story about drugs being found in Hassan's bag. Critics, including LFI, accuse him of orchestrating or participating in misleading police leaks against Hassan and have called for his resignation. Nunez has denied contributing to the rumors but acknowledged that he regrets information leaks occurred in the case. The controversy has become a political scandal, with critics describing it as a state scandal that official channels have downplayed. The stakes include public trust in the Interior Ministry and the treatment of elected officials in politically sensitive cases.

Teams

• Critics of Laurent Nunez (1 players)
• Laurent Nunez (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu leads the Israeli government, which has condemned the documentary "NAZA" as antisemitic and pledged to advance legislation targeting its makers. The filmmakers behind "NAZA" are Israeli journalists Yuval Abraham and Rachel Szor, whose documentary alleges that mass civilian deaths were built into Israel's military operations in Gaza and features testimony from Israeli soldiers and intelligence officers. The two sides are in conflict over the documentary's claims and its reception. Netanyahu and Israeli officials say the film does immense damage to Israeli soldiers and Israel's reputation, and have threatened to revoke the filmmakers' Israeli citizenship. Abraham and Szor, along with more than 1,500 Israeli filmmakers and film-industry figures who signed a petition backing them, defend the documentary as a work of journalism and free expression. The dispute has drawn international attention because "NAZA" won the Special Jury Prize at the Venice Film Festival and received a 25-minute standing ovation, while Israeli leaders including Netanyahu have publicly condemned it. The proposed bills would target the filmmakers' citizenship, raising questions about free expression and national security in Israel.

Teams

• Netanyahu (1 players)
• NAZA filmmakers (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The NFL is the professional American football league that sets and enforces rules for its teams and players, including uniform and personal-expression policies. Kyrie Irving is a National Basketball Association player who has publicly commented on the NFL's disciplinary action against a player. The conflict centers on the NFL's fine of Houston Texans linebacker Azeez Al-Shaair for wearing the name of Hind Rajab, a Palestinian girl killed in Gaza, on his eye black. Kyrie Irving has pledged to pay the fine, while the NFL's action has drawn criticism from those who see the message as a humanitarian tribute. The disagreement reflects broader tensions over player expression and league rules.

Teams

• NFL (1 players)
• Kyrie Irving (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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France and Lebanon are the two parties on one side of this dispute. France is a permanent member of the UN Security Council and a long-standing diplomatic actor in Lebanon, with historical ties and a role in the UN peacekeeping mission UNIFIL. Lebanon is the state whose sovereignty and territory are at issue, and its government has relied on international support, including French diplomacy, to press for an end to military operations on its soil. Israel is the party on the other side. Israel has conducted military operations and continued strikes inside Lebanon despite a ceasefire agreement, and it has refused calls for action pressed by French President Emmanuel Macron. The two sides have conflicting interests: France and Lebanon seek to uphold Lebanese sovereignty and prevent a permanent Israeli presence or displacement of civilians, while Israel has resisted those demands and continued its military campaign. The disagreement has played out in international forums, including at the UN, where France has taken a strong stance against any form of occupation or permanent Israeli presence on Lebanese territory. France has also intensified diplomatic, humanitarian, and military efforts to prevent a full-scale war, while the UN has documented more than 10,000 ceasefire violations. France is now hosting security talks in Paris to discuss alternatives to UNIFIL in southern Lebanon, as discussions focus on how to maintain security and stability if the peacekeeping mission withdraws.

Teams

• France and Lebanon (2 players)
• Israel (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Fee proponents and fee opponents are the two sides in a debate over whether to introduce a fee for India's UPI instant digital payments system, which has previously been free to use. Fee proponents support charging for UPI transactions, while fee opponents argue against introducing such a fee. The two sides have conflicting interests over who should bear the cost of operating and expanding the UPI system. Fee proponents argue that a fee is needed to sustain the system, while fee opponents contend that keeping UPI free benefits users and merchants. The dispute centers on who benefits from the system and who should pay for it.

Teams

• Fee proponents (0 players)
• Fee opponents (0 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Japanese organizers are the bodies responsible for planning and hosting major international sporting events in Japan, including the Asian Games in Nagoya. Athletes and officials are the participants and delegation representatives who attend and compete at these events, including national delegations such as South Korea's. Japanese organizers decided against building a dedicated athletes' village for the Asian Games as a cost-cutting measure, instead planning to use hotels and other existing facilities. This decision has drawn backlash from athletes and officials concerned about logistics and conditions, with South Korea's delegation slamming the wooden containers housing its athletes at the Asian Games in Nagoya city. The dispute highlights tensions between organizers' efforts to reduce costs and athletes' expectations for adequate accommodation and support during major competitions.

Teams

• Japanese organizers (2 players)
• Athletes and officials (2 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Buckingham Palace is the official residence and administrative headquarters of the British monarchy, representing King Charles III and the royal household in public statements. Earl Charles Spencer is the brother of Diana, Princess of Wales, and a peer who has written about his family's history and his relationship with the royal family. The two sides are in conflict over claims in Earl Spencer's new book about the royal family's treatment of Diana and the aftermath of her death in 1997. Buckingham Palace has denied Earl Spencer's allegation that King Charles said "we'll forget her soon enough" days after Diana's fatal car crash in Paris, while Earl Spencer has renewed his criticism of the royal family in the book. The dispute has drawn public attention because it revisits longstanding questions about how the royal family responded to Diana's death and how her brother views that response. Buckingham Palace's decision to respond publicly to the claims is notable, as such direct pushback from the palace is rare.

Teams

• Buckingham Palace (2 players)
• Earl Charles Spencer (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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Serbia is a country in the Balkans whose government and public maintain strong historical and cultural ties to Kosovo, a territory that declared independence in 2008 but whose sovereignty Serbia does not recognize. Kosovo Albanians are the ethnic Albanian majority population of Kosovo, comprising about 92 percent of the territory's 1.8 million residents, who support Kosovo's statehood and its institutions. The two sides have conflicting interests over Kosovo's status and the legacy of the 1998–99 Kosovo conflict, during which ethnic Albanian fighters and Yugoslav and Serb forces fought. Serbia seeks to retain or regain influence over Kosovo and has accused a war crimes court of failing to fully address crimes committed against Serbs, while Kosovo Albanians broadly support the court's convictions of former Kosovo Liberation Army leaders and reject challenges to Kosovo's independence. The dispute remains unresolved, with deep demographic and political divisions between the Albanian majority and the Serb minority in Kosovo.

Teams

• Serbia (2 players)
• Kosovo Albanians (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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The BBC is the United Kingdom's public service broadcaster, whose investigative journalism units—including BBC Eye Investigations and BBC News—produce reports on international affairs. The Assad regime refers to the government of Bashar al-Assad, who served as President of Syria until his government was overthrown in late 2024, ending decades of rule by his family and the Ba'ath Party. The two parties are in conflict because BBC investigations have reported on alleged atrocities and abuses committed by the Assad regime, including claims that the regime planned the abduction of US journalist Austin Tice. The Assad regime has rejected such allegations, and the BBC's reporting attributes responsibility for the kidnapping and other abuses to the former Syrian government. The dispute centers on competing accounts of the regime's actions and the credibility of the BBC's findings. After the fall of the Assad government, Syria's new administration, led by Abu Mohammed al-Jolani, has said it will pursue officials from the former regime. Former officials and victims have also spoken publicly about their roles and experiences, while the BBC has continued to document the regime's legacy, including how it used a global child welfare charity to aid its activities.

Teams

• BBC investigation (1 players)
• Assad regime (1 players)

Conflict Type: Alignment

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